In a study by Stock et al. In that study, the STA diameter was 2. When taking into consideration the difference between inner and outer diameter measurements, the anatomic dimensions of STA appears similar across these 2 populations. Furthermore, STA diameters in the East Asian population, which includes Chinese or Korean ethnic groups, appear to be less than that of western populations.
Stock et al. In comparison, Marano et al. This discrepancy suggests that a smaller proportion of Korean patients requiring bypass operation may have a suitable STA compared to patients elsewhere. Further, we measured the inner diameter of the STA branch, so the thickness of the vessel walls presumably accounts for some parts of the difference.
In our study, one case did not have a parietal branch. The rate of suitable branch of the frontal STA was bigger than the parietal branch Table 6. However, there was no significant difference between them. To save the STA during cranial surgery, we drew the imaginary line of the STA considering the relationship with pericranial structures and CTA, then dissected carefully from the distal part.
We undermined over it pulling the skin by forcep, if it met STA trunk or branch. Saving STA trunk is critically important, and the skin incision would be posterior to STA trunk rather than anterior at tragus level.
The limitation of this study is selection of patients. Among the patients evaluated in this study, there were 13 with hemorrhagic diseases, 8 ischemic diseases, 11 with unruptured aneurysms, and 3 with meningiomas.
Most patients had vascular disease, and more studies are needed whether patients with vascular disease have more atherosclerosis. The diameter of STA measured in the adult Korean population is less than that published for Western populations. However, our result is similar to the findings reported in the Chinese population.
Even if the image modality is not available however, a better understanding of the STA anatomy in its relationship to the landmark structures would help to preserve this important artery during a cranial operation. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg. Published online Sep Find articles by Byung Soo Kim. Find articles by Young Jin Jung. Find articles by Chul Hoon Chang. Find articles by Byung Yon Choi.
Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Corresponding author. Correspondence to Byung Yon Choi. Tel: , Fax: , rk. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.
Abstract Objective The increased use of bypass surgery in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases requires a better understanding of the superficial temporal artery STA anatomy.
Methods The study evaluated retrospectively 35 patients who visited the neurosurgery department at a single institution. Results Of 70 STAs, 69 had a bifurcation. Conclusion This present study demonstrated the STA in Korean adults, which may benefit the clinician in dealing with the surgical procedures related to this STA.
Keywords: Carotid artery, External, Temporal arteries. METHODS Thirty five patients who visited the neurosurgery department at our institution due to vascular diseases were evaluated retrospectively in this study. Open in a separate window. Table 1 The location of STA bifurcation. Table 2 The location of STA bifurcation relative to pericranial structures. Table 3 Inner diameter of STA.
Results: Depending on whether the bifurcation point of the superficial temporal artery is superior or inferior to the horizontal line of the superior orbital rim, the frontal branch can be classified as having a high-location or low-location type. The temporal branch and its terminal twigs run deeper into the superficial temporal fascia and are inferior to the frontal branch in the high-location type. In the low-location type, one or more terminal twigs of the temporal branch interweave with the frontal branch above the horizontal plane of the upper orbital rim and terminate below the frontal eminence.
The temporal branch locates within a triangular area formed by the lower aspect of the zygomatic arch, the frontal branch, and the vertical line where it crosses the highest point of the frontal eminence. Articles Cases Courses Quiz. About Recent Edits Go ad-free. Edit article.
View revision history Report problem with Article. Citation, DOI and article data. Knipe, H. Superficial temporal artery. Reference article, Radiopaedia. URL of Article. On this page:. Instant anatomy.
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