The name stemmed from two roots. Additionally, Zeus was called Zeu Pater in Greek, and Sanskrit speakers used the term Dyaus pitar father of heavens to refer to the sky god. Jupiter was known by a number of epithets. As the god of the sky, Jupiter commanded lightning, thunder, and storms. Like Zeus, he wielded lightning bolts as weapons.
Befitting his role as king of the gods, Jupiter was commonly depicted sitting on a throne and holding a royal scepter and staff. Rather than taking an active part in battles, however, Jupiter was imagined to oversee and control them. More than any other deity, Jupiter held the fate of the Roman state in the balance.
To appease him, Romans offered sacrifice and took sacred oaths in his honor. The Romans came to believe that the success of their Mediterranean empire could be attributed to their unique devotion to Jupiter. Omens divined through the behavior of eagles were considered to be the most revealing. Jupiter was the son of Saturn—the god of the sky who preceded Jupiter—and Ops or Opis , goddess of the earth and growth.
His brothers were Neptune , god of the sea, and Pluto , god of the underworld and wealth metals, the basis of Roman coinage and wealth, were found underground.
His sisters included Ceres , a fertility goddess who controlled the growth of grains, Vesta , goddess of hearth and home, and Juno, a maternal goddess associated with marriage, family, domestic tranquility, and the moon. Jupiter was married to his sister Juno, who served as the Roman counterpart to Hera. Among their children were Mars , the god of war that played a substantial role in the founding of Rome, and Bellona, a goddess of war.
Additional children included Vulcan , the god of fire, metalworking, and the forge, and Juventus, a youthful goddess who oversaw the transition from childhood to adulthood and was associated with invigoration and rejuvenation. With Maia, the goddess of earth and fertility who may have lent her name to the Roman month Maius , or May , Jupiter had Mercury , the messenger god of commerce, merchants, sailing, and travel.
In both Greek and Roman mythology, they both threw lightening bolts. They both loved their flying horse, Pegasus. As you can see, although there were differences, there were also similarities. There are many stories and myths about Jupiter. The Truth About Myths. Return to the Roman God Index. Quick Comparison: Ancient Greeks vs. Ancient Romans. Achievements, Contributions - Concrete, Aquaducts, and more. Jupiter is depicted with a beard and long hair. His other attributes include scepter, eagle, cornucopia, aegis, ram, and lion.
The ancient Babylonians were the first known people to record their sightings of the planet Jupiter. It was initially named after Jupiter, the king of the Roman gods.
To the Greeks, the planet represented Zeus, their god of thunder, while the Mesopotamians saw Jupiter as their god, Marduk. Jupiter and Zeus are equivalents in ancient mythology. They share the same traits and characteristics. The Greek god Zeus was the top Olympian god in the Greek pantheon. After he took credit for rescuing his brothers and sisters from their father Cronus, Zeus became king of heaven and gave his brothers, Poseidon and Hades, the sea and the underworld, respectively, for their domains.
Zeus was the husband of Hera, but he had many affairs with other goddesses, mortal women, and female animals. He is king on Mount Olympus, the home of the Greek gods. He is also credited as the father of Greek heroes and the ancestor of many other Greeks. Zeus mated with many mortals and goddesses but is married to his sister Hera Juno. Zeus is the son of the Titans Cronus and Rhea. He is the brother of his wife Hera, his other sisters Demeter and Hestia, and his brothers Hades , Poseidon.
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Regardless of which of the many myths one prefers, no one can doubt the impact of ancient Rome on western civilization. A people known for their military, political, and social institutions, the ancient Romans conquered vast amounts of land in Europe and northern Africa, built roads and aqueducts, and spread Latin, their language, far and wide.
Use these classroom resources to teach middle schoolers about the empire of ancient Rome. The ideas and culture of ancient Rome influence the art, architecture, science, technology, literature, language, and law of today. Learn how the ancient Greeks viewed the role of religion in their everyday lives. Students read fictional biographies from across the Roman social system and analyze how citizenship shaped Roman life. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students.
Skip to content. National Geographic Creative. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google Classroom. Article Vocabulary. Friday, July 6, The Roman Empire was a primarily polytheistic civilization , which meant that people recognized and worshiped multiple gods and goddesses. Roman Empire.
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